social contract Essay - 880 Words

quot;The current federal system of government in the United States is failing to meet its social contract obligations to the American people.quot; There is nothing closer to the truth than this statement. While some may argue that the government is following the guidelines of a social contract, many aspects of the government have outgrown their britches and taken over. With over fifteen thousand jobs up for the taking in the government it is hard to believe that the government comprised in the 18th century is the same as the one we have now. The government has grown exponentially large since than and has created new positions and departments to quot;better servequot; the country. Such departments include the Department of Homeland†¦show more content†¦The government wants to pass an amendment to the Constitution that would rule gay marriage unconstitutional and therefore illegal. However, is it not true that there is a separation between church and state? How is it that the government can tell the churches, quot;Look we dont like gay marriage so you cant wed these two.quot;? Is it not up to the church and the ministers to decide this for themselves? Does the government feel that the gays are now the biggest threat to American society? Is that what they have to protect us from? When it comes to protesting the government is even more protect ive. During the 2005 Presidential Inauguration you had to reserve a spot to protest, and there were many things that were not allowed down the parade route (such as picket signs). Yet isnt it in the US Constitution that it is legal to protest and gather in public. Susan Goering, Executive Director of the American Civil Liberties Union of Maryland put it best: quot;Public expression of sincere and deeply felt disagreement with government policies is one of the highest forms of patriotism and the lifeblood of a democracy.quot; Separation of powers in this day in age is a touchy situation. Let me pose for you a situation: The President nominates the Supreme Court justices he wants to serve during his term. The Congress of the United States; which is controlled by the same party as the governmentShow MoreRelatedThe Function of a Social Contract1676 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is the Function of a Social Contract? Philosophers have been concerned with the theories of a social contract for thousands of years. Plato mentions the concept in Crito and in Republic. These theories have stemmed from the concept of justice and for our society to be just. I will look at the works of Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean Jacques Rousseau and finally with John Rawls after which a overall view into the function of a social contract can be derived as well as any problems with the theory(s)Read MoreEssay Social Contract664 Words   |  3 Pages The Social Contract- nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Rousseaus principal aim in writing The Social Contract is to determine how freedom may be possible in civil society, and we might do well to pause briefly and understand what he means by quot;freedom.quot; In the state of nature we enjoy the physical freedom of having no restraints on our behavior. By entering into the social contract, we place restraints on our behavior, which make it possible to live in a community. By giving up our physicalRead MoreThe Theory Of Social Contract1709 Words   |  7 Pagesnot an action is deemed ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ can be understood in terms of contracts, and is furthered with the theory of social contract. 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In any social contract people vest their rights to the authorityRead MoreA Critique Of The Social Contract1946 Words   |  8 Pages A Critique of the Social Contract According To John Locke Introduction John Locke embedded his political ideas in the form of two treatises popularly known as Two Treatises on Civil Government that he authored in 1690. In the first treatise, Locke disagrees with the political and social philosophy of Robert Filmer in his work known as Patriacha, authored in 1654. The second treatise contains Locke’s viewpoint on political philosophy where he expounds the origin, authority and the significance ofRead MoreConceptions of the Social Contract Theory924 Words   |  4 Pagestheir own version of the social contract theory. The social contract theory is a treaty or an agreement that developed a set of laws, organized a functional society, and created the need to be governed. It was put into place when man realized that there was no law. Mankind eventually sought the desire for security and order. To receive security and order people shall voluntarily give up all their rights and freedoms and be obedient to some sort of authority. The social contract the ory is made up of twoRead MoreSocial Contract And The Civil Society979 Words   |  4 Pages The social contract and the push for individuals to enter it rely on some conception of a state of nature. Whilst the expected behaviour of persons in the state of nature differs among the social contract theorists, the classical writings all share one common feature, a â€Å"generalised potential for threat† from other persons (Dicus 2015, p. 105). However, the nature of this threat in the hypothetical state of nature is not verifiable, as is the transition to civil society. The â€Å"signing† of the socialRead MoreJacques And The Social Contract Theory1287 Words   |  6 Pagessupporter of the social contract theory, which is considered by him as the source of states legitimacy, criticises social inequality, authoritarianism and feudalism. As an important social contract theorist, he also elaborates that people are the creators of law as well as the subject of law and because they will provide themselves with the laws they wish to live by, the people s sovereignty is assured by the societies contract that is created (Bertram, 2010). In his writings The Social Contract or PrinciplesRead MoreState of Nature and Social Contract1323 Words   |  5 PagesHobbes and Locke are the founders of social contract theory, Hobbes’ Leviathan was the first political philosophy to discuss social contract theory and the state of nature followed by John Locke’s Second Treatise of Government, both of their theories are distinct form each other but yet related. Hobbes and lock are both considered the first classical liberals, they differed from other classical philosophers because of their individualistic society, rather than a communal society that promotes theRead MoreWeaknesses Of Social Contract Theory928 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Contract theory is the idea that in the beginning people lived in the state of nature with no government and laws to regulate them. In order to overcome the issues involved in the state of nature, people entered into agreements to protect themselves and their properties. They did this by uniting, rescinding certain rights under the state of nature, and pledging themselves to an authority that will guarantee certain protections. They all agree to live together under those laws and create a

Brahmanism And Buddhism Indian Civilization - 871 Words

Brahmanism and Buddhism in Indian Civilization The Indian civilization has achieved complexity and sophistication in its culture through the intertwining of the Harappan and Aryan cultures. The Harappan society was based off a trade and alliance system that has maintained it in a cohesive environment, while the Aryans were a pastoral group that eventually came to settle down within these lands. From root of the mingling of these cultures, Brahmanism was established as the religion and has affected much of the social and political aspects of the Indian civilization. As a response to Brahmanism, Buddhism ventured outward from these practices and established a more collaborative environment that has influenced various regions of Asia. Brahmanism originates from early Aryan religious beliefs found in the Vedas. This religion is polytheistic in nature and has a plethora of Gods and Goddesses that represent forces in nature that are worshipped according to the timely needs of the people whether that be for fertility, land, or wealth. The first worship shift came from the parent God, Dyaus, to that of the warrior God, Indra. The Aryan people were said to have excellence in battle tactics, resultantly, calling upon Indra was a ritual to bring the people to war. From then on, the justice God, Varuna took precedence because the people had already ceased their migration patterns and arrived at the Indian Civilization. At first the concept of sacrifice, filtered then to asceticism, andShow MoreRelatedThe Origins Of The Harappan Civilization1060 Words   |  5 PagesWhen the Harappan civilization began to decline, the Aryans filled the power vacuum. The Aryans were to become the new race of Indians, spreading throughout th e entire Indian subcontinent. They witnessed the implementation of the caste system into Indian society and the development of the earliest Indian religion: Brahmanism. The caste system determined what people would do everyday and divided the population by social status, playing a huge role in the entire society. Brahmanism was widely acceptedRead MoreGeography Of The Indian Subcontinent871 Words   |  4 PagesGeography of the Indian subcontinent influenced the development of civilization there greatly, because of how diverse India is. The geography of the Indian subcontinent had a big affect not only with the development of civilization, but on economics, religion and social order as well. The Indian subcontinent is diverse in many ways, such as the array of languages, as well as the reputation of being a â€Å"cradle of religion† which created two of the world’s major religions, Hinduism and Buddhism(p. 38). ForRead MoreMesopotamia and Egypt Essay1125 Words   |  5 Pages1) I have chosen to discuss the civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt. Both have many significant similarities and differences. I would like to compare some important points in four common categories. I will compare and contrast the geography and its impact, the political structure of each society, the importance of their existing class structures and finally the role of women in these dynamic civilizations. Mesopotamia and Egypt were both inRead MoreGandhi s Theory Of The Indian Subcontinent s Enslavements1067 Words   |  5 PagesGandhi gained access to a letter written by the renowned Russian author, Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy to the editor of the Free Hindustan newspaper in South Africa. In this letter, referred to as Letter to a Hindu, Tolstoy addresses the roots of the Indian subcontinent’s enslavements by the British as well as methods to alleviate it. Intrigued by the letter, Gandhi wrote to Tolstoy, asking for permission to translate the letter to Guajarati, in an effort to share Tolstoy’s wisdom with the others inRead MoreGreat and Little Tradition1887 Words   |  8 Pages*Malinowski, mainly studied remote, self-contained, small-scale societies. It was only after World War II, when anthropologists began to study communities integrated within larger states and participating in centuries-old religious traditions such as *Buddhism or *Christianity, that the problem arose. The terms ‘great’ and ‘little’ traditions were actually introduced and elaborated in the 1950s by the University of Chicago anthropologist † Robert Redfield. 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After the Vedic period the history of India includes the rise of the Buddhism and Jainism as a kind of revolt against the Brahmanism, a succession of powerful dynasties for almost twoRead MoreIslam and Continuities1628 Words   |  7 PagesChange Over Time Essay Prompts    8000 BCE to 600 CE †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Analyze the changes and continuities in major trading patterns within and among Classical civilizations; include their contacts, including religious, with adjacent regions. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Discuss the changes and continuities in the Silk Road trading network from 600 BCE – 1450 †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Discuss the changes and continuities that occurred in the roles and functions of cities in major societies from the Neolithic Revolution to 1450. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Trace andRead MoreEarly Civilizations and the Dawn of the Medieval Age Essay3703 Words   |  15 PagesEarly Civilizations and the Dawn of the Medieval Age History is an account of mans achievements during the last five thousand years. Though man has been on this planet for about 500,000 years, history only covers a part of this period. The reason for this is that history is essentially based on written documents However the art of writing become known to man, only after 3000 B. C. 1.1 History : Meaning and Importance The word history is derived from the Greek noun historia meaning inquiryRead MoreThe Boiling Frog Theory on Population6400 Words   |  26 Pageswell. About six thousand years ago the goddess-worshipping societies of Old Europe were engulfed in a boiling up of our culture that Marija Gimbutas called Kurgan Wave Number One; they struggled to clamber out but eventually succumbed. The Plains Indians of North America, who were engulfed in another boiling up of our culture in the 1870s, constitute another example; they struggled to clamber out over the next two decades, but they too finally succumbed. A contrary example, an example of the smiling-boiled-frog

Conflicting Perspectives Julius Caesar free essay sample

Julius Caesar Personalities, events or situations often elicit conflicting perspectives. To what extent has textual form shaped your understanding of conflicting perspectives. In your response, make detailed reference to your prescribed text and one other text of your own choosing. Conflicting perspectives are often the outcome of diverse and contrasting views of ones personality, event or situation. This is evident is the play Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare, as Caesars personality develops and the diverse perspective of his death in ensuring civil war create conflict within the play. Raymond Briggs picture book The Tin-Pot Foreign General and the Old Iron Woman generates an understanding of the injustice of Falklands war through contrasting the perspectives of both the political leaders at the time and the Falkland Islanders. Through the use of dramatic, language and visual techniques both Shakespeare and Briggs have shown how differences in opinion can offer a understanding and ideas of certain personalities, situations or events. From the opening scene of Julius Caesar, Shakespeare introduces conflict. Flavius and Murellus introduce Caesar as a contentious personality, as they rebuke the â€Å"mechanicals† who â€Å"make holidays to see Caesar† and â€Å"rejoice his triumph†. The Tribunes are unhappy with these celebrations as shown through the contrast in tone when Murellus adresses the â€Å"Mechanicals† with â€Å"You blocks, You stones, you worse than senseless things! † demonstrating the conflicting perspectives within the social classes. The Tribunes believe that Caesars â€Å"growing feathers† need to be â€Å"Plucks† as they are concerned that with his growing power they will be kept in â€Å"servile fearfulness†. Shakespeare conveys their anger at the fickleness of the â€Å"Mechanicals†, through the use of imperatives such as â€Å"answer me directly† and â€Å"be gone! † as they rebuke their â€Å"ingratitude† to Pompey. This shows the dominance of the Tribunes and undermines the plebeians view of Caesar returning as a hero, thus positioning the reader in favour of their perspectives. These conflicting perspectives within Act 1 have offered diverse opinions on the personality of Caesar, portraying him as an ominously ambitious and controversial man, thereby framing the central onflict of the play. Both Brutus and Anthonys funeral orations in Act III present conflicting and highly provocative perspectives about the motives for Caesars assassination. Brutus as a â€Å"truly noble Roman† provides the first speech at Caesars funeral, and attempts to win over the crowds support and make them understand the need for Caesars downfall. His dry rhetoric and balanc ed syntactical structure fails to win over the crowd when juxtaposed with Antonys speech. Right from the opening line Brutus places Rome before its people through â€Å"Romans, countrymen and lovers! , and throughout his speech he continually reinforces his motivations as â€Å"Not that I loved Caesar less but that I loves Rome more. † As he attempts to arouse patriotism within the audience, he is sabotaged by his own use of the syllogism â€Å"had you rather Caesar were living to die all slaves than that Caesar were dead to live all free men? † which is strong in logos but drains the speech of pathos and thus any emotional connection with the crowd. Brutuss use of anaphora â€Å"As Caesar loved me, I weep for him , as he was ambitious, I slew him. † demonstrates that Caesars growing power was the reason for his assassination. However, this fails offer evidence to validate his argument. Instead he calls upon the audience to â€Å"believe me for mine honour† which further diminishes his perspective to the point where the audience is only seemingly convinced that Caesar deserved to die, leaving Mark Anthony to juxtapose the perspectives of Caesars personality. Antonys speech provides a different and provocative insight completely contradicting that of Brutus. The opening asyndeton â€Å"Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears† establishes an emotional connection with the audience and challenges Brutuss view that duties to Rome should come before its people. The emotive language â€Å"brutish†, â€Å"mutiny†, â€Å"rage†, â€Å"corpse†, â€Å"daggers†, â€Å"stabbed†, and â€Å"traitors† helps manipulate the audience into an enraged fury. Through the use of enjambment and caesura he further emphasises these words and persuasively plants mutinous ideas to â€Å"fire the traitors houses†. Dialogue such as â€Å"his eyes are red as fire with weeping† and personal tone â€Å" he was my friend† contrast with Brutuss rational address, allowing Antony to engage his audience emotionally. He diminishes Brutuss perspective through sarcastic repetition of â€Å"yet Brutus is an honourable man† accentuating the lack of evidence provided by Brutus. In contrast, Antony gives specific examples of Caesars humility; â€Å"when the poor have cried Caesar hath wept† causing the audience to identify with Caesar and call into question the logic of Brutuss motives. The audience acknowledges the controversy of Caesars death has caused him to be misrepresented and that the actions of this â€Å"noble Roman† have not reflected those of an ambitious man but of a loyal man working for the good of Rome. Thus, through both Brutuss and Antonys speeches we have been presented with conflicting perspectives, through which Shakespeare has been able to reveal different insights into Caesars personality. In The Tin-Pot Foreign General and the Old Iron Woman, Raymond Briggs makes a bold political statement about the consequences of war by presenting two conflicting perspectives on the 1982 Falklands War. Briggs use of satire when depicting British Prime Minister Thatcher and Argentinean General Galtieri as children squabbling over the â€Å"sad little island† which they both â€Å"bagsied† exhibits vibrant illustrations made up of bright colours, exuberant features and sharp lines which have been used to portray the two leaders as over-indulgent and impulsive. The concealed imagery of the text â€Å"he was made of tin pots† and â€Å"she was made of iron† suggests dehumanisation and technological abuse by these cold metal giants void of compassion. Simple colourless line drawings have been used to represent the â€Å"humans† of this war and contrast with the vibrance of the previous illustrations. The use of anaphora in the text â€Å"Some men where shot. Some men were drowned. Some men were burned alive. Some men were blown to bits. highlights the extent of the human tragedy while expressing the seriousness of war compared to the powerplay of the leaders, thus expressing the conflicting perspectives of war and its worth compared to that of human tragedy. Conflicting perspectives conveyed by Briggs use of colour and line emphasise the diverse ideas about the Falklands War. Vivid visual contrast provokes sympathy within the reader who is taken aback by the almost pathetic appearance of the maimed soldiers against their leaders. The figurative last line â€Å"And the families of the dead tended the graves† expresses the tragedy f war is not buried with the dead but lives on within the hearts of the living. The conflicting perspectives within the picture book have demonstrated the unnecessary events of the Falklands War, which because of the greedy and reckless actions of two leaders saw many â€Å"real men† die. Thus The Tin-Pot Foreign General and the Old Iron Woman has proven how a specific event can elicit conflicting perspectives. Therefore, personalities, situations or events are able to elicit conflicting perspectives through their ability to provide diverse opinions and opposing arguments. However, both Shakespeare and Briggs have demonstrated a biased perspective within the text deliberately manipulating their audience in their interpretations. Back-Up ORT In the photograph Korean War by The US Army Korea, a bold political statement is made though various visually poignant techniques that encompass the deeply conflicting perspectives that the context of the photograph involves. The image features a scene from the Korean War and the conflict involved. The foreground image of a young Korean girl holding her brother contrasts with the harsh and demeaning image of the army tank in the background. The use of the black and white colours to contrast the idea of family and violence evokes a sense of misjudgement and wrong doing but the tank. War is seen as a way of protecting ones family and loved ones from the destruction and violence of others. This image allows us to question this as it shows children in an adult situation dealing with the violence of war, this allows us to wonder if anyone is really benefitting from the war. Strong use of line and tone used on the tank compared to the softness of the young girl and her brother promote the relationship between war and peace. The dark colours and shades of the tank along with the sharp demeaning lines leads the audience to feel a sense of fearfulness and negativity often associated with war. The lighter shades and more natural lines of the children in the foreground show an ease within the natural environment, but when contrasted by the harsh tank this sense of comfort and peace is extinguished.

Wireless Carriers in the United States

Historical Strategic Issues When it comes to wireless carriers in the United States the most common historical strategic issues revolves around price, performance, and customer service.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Wireless Carriers in the United States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The key players in this industry had to mindful of all three factors because the consumers in the U.S. market can easily switch to another carrier if they are not satisfied with the value they are getting for their money and the kind of service that they believe they deserve. Take for example the ability to SMS or to text one another. There was a time when this type of service was non-existent in North America (Gow Smith, p.58). The key players in the industry had to balance all three in order to increase their market share. Their strategists cannot afford to simply focus on price because their competitors are willing to lower their own prices as well in order to attract more customers and yet at the same time make their offer much better by improving the customer service aspect of the business. Among the key players in the industry, a reliable service is already a given, and yet users of wireless communications technology are also looking for cheaper rates and if possible the capability to buy a mobile phone at a lower cost. The price of the plan or the service is affected by the operational costs incurred by the wireless carrier. Thus, streamlining the operations and finding ways to lower overhead costs is a permanent fixture of a company-wide strategy. There are many things to consider in this regard such as technology and regulations stipulated by the Federal Government. There is a need to acquire the appropriate technology in order to maintain a certain level of performance. This is a major source of expenditure for the company. Furthermore, new laws regarding tariffs and other forms of taxes can eas ily limit the capability of wireless carriers to offer cheaper plans and better rates for their consumers.Advertising Looking for essay on communication strategies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In order to maintain quality service, wireless carriers had to be contented with relatively lower profit margins (Abell, p.1). This explains why the wireless carrier business is a very competitive industry. Key players in this industry may be forced to accept a smaller profit margin. On the bright side, these firms are not expected to slow down in the next few years because of the phenomenal growth in the number of people using mobile phones (Kavoori Arceneaux, p.155). Key Players and their Operations According to a respected market research agency there are four major players in the wireless telecom carrier industry and these are: Verizon Wireless; ATT Inc.; Sprint Nextel Corporation; and Deutsche Telekom AG (IBISWorld, p.1). The r ankings change all the time because of the competitive nature of the industry there is a constant need to do mergers or buy-out the competition. But as of March of March of 2011 ATT is considered the largest wireless company in the United States (Abell, p.1). ATT earned this distinction when it decided to purchase T-Mobile USA from Deutsche Telekom for $39 billion and as a result the combined entity is now one third larger than former number one Verizon Wireless (Abell, p.1). The significance of this new development is seen in how ATT has now more than twice the subscriber as Sprint Nextel (Abell, p.1). Nevertheless, ATT cannot afford to rest on its laurels so to speak because subscribers can easily change carriers if they believe they can get a better deal. Strategic Change Consumers should expect constant change when it comes to the strategies employed by wireless carriers. Strategic change is always dependent upon price, performance and customer service; there is a need for const ant adjustment in order to please as many subscribers as possible. It is imperative to retain loyal customers while at the same time attract new subscribers and take a bigger piece of the market. Wireless companies had to skillfully balance price, performance and customer service. The CEOs of these firms knew very well what is expected of them and it is to deliver the best value to increase the profitability of the company and achieving all of that without spending too much. The most dreaded scenario is to see loyal subscribers transfer allegiance to another wireless company. When it comes to the price war it can be argued that wireless companies already demonstrated their willingness to lower the price of their plans. Thus, the crucial battle is all about performance and customer service. The significance of these two factors can be seen when a wireless company begins to experience success and the increased number of subscribers puts a toll into their infrastructure. As a result th e most common strategic change taking place in recent years is the ability to consolidate, to merge with other companies and to buy-out the competition. According to one analyst the primary reason why ATT had to acquire T-Mobile USA is due to its connectivity issues and the perception that it is not a reliable wireless company (Abell, p.1)Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Wireless Carriers in the United States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is of course due to the fact that ATT has an existing business partnership with Apple and this has resulted in the 80-fold increase in its wireless-data usage (Abell, p.1). By acquiring T-Mobile USA, ATT hopes to address this perception problem. Strategic change in the U.S. wireless carrier industry is heavily affected by the mobile phone phenomenon (Grant Meadows, p.316). Consider the following research findings: â€Å"Adolescents use the cell phone to network with p eers. For adults, family and security drive use† (Grant Meadows, p.316). The mobile phone is not only a communication tool but has now become a mobile computer and in turn became a reliable source of news, information, entertainment, social networking using wireless applications and the World-Wide-Web to interconnect and download information. In addition, the mobile phone has become a status symbol and an extension of the self. For instance, â€Å"adolescents are the most active in reinventing wireless technology as a personal medium and a social prop for self-presentation †¦ fashion attentiveness affects the purchase, use and replacement of cell phones† (Grant Meadows, p.316). This observation was corroborated by an interesting discovery made a research group. In their study they found out that Verizon Wireless is the leader when it comes to customer service and performance in 2008 (Carton, p.1). Respondents were interviewed with regards to dropped calls. Respon dents also provided feedback when it comes to cellular service provider satisfaction rating. In both instances Verizon Wireless came on top and yet subscribers are switching over to ATT. The major reason why ATT has more subscribers than Verizon Wireless in 2008 is attributed to what the company can offer in terms of mobile phones. ATT subscribers can choose a deal where the company enables them to own an iPhone and this is the main reason why revenue is up.Advertising Looking for essay on communication strategies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Strategic change must be focused on price, performance and customer service. But competitors in the wireless carrier industry must also focus on how they can provide better phones on top of the great deals they are offering their subscribers and potential clients. These firms had to realize that â€Å"the cell phone is characteristically identified with new modes of mobility, personalization, identity, and individual and group relations† (Kavoori Arceneaux, p.155). This is nothing new because Nokia in the past decade made a statement with regards to their unconventional designs and made the realization that mobile phones must be associated with lifestyle and emotional appeal (Gow Smith, p.60). This is a feature of the wireless communication business that should become a major focus of strategic change. It is therefore crucial to consider how a wireless carrier can provide more services related to the personalization of the mobile phone. Subscribers are no longer contented w ith having a mobile phone. They also wanted the device to express their identity and personality. The ability to download applications to enhance the usability of the mobile phone should be a major source of income for telecom companies. Strategic change must be done in such a way that a firm continues to eliminate any form of waste; it is imperative to streamline operations to increase the profitability of the company. On the other hand these firms must realize the power of the consumers to switch carriers in an instant. This is the beauty and challenge of wireless communication technology. It is no longer enough to provide a reliable communication platform it is also important to understand how mobile phones had revolutionized 21st century living and therefore all the CEOs working within this industry had to acknowledge that style and substance goes hand-in-hand when it comes to wireless telecommunication services. Works Cited Abell, John. ATT to Buy T-Mobile, Becomes the No.1 U.S . Wireless Company. Web. Carton, Paul. Verizon Wireless Leads in Performance, but ATT Takes Market  Share. 2008. Web. Gow, Gordon and Richard Smith. Mobile and Wireless Communications: An  Introduction. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2006. Grant, August and Jennifer Meadows. Communication Technology Update. Vol. 10. MA: Focal Press, 2006. IBISWorld. Wireless Telecommunications Carriers in the US. Web. Kavoori, Anandam and Noah Arceneaux. The Cell Phone Readers: Essays in Social  Transformation. New York: Peter Lang Publishing, 2007. This essay on Wireless Carriers in the United States was written and submitted by user Jared Woodward to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Study of Goudy Oldstyle essays

Study of Goudy Oldstyle essays This typeface is an old style type. The aspects that show this are the angle of the weight stress on rounded forms, the shape and style of the serifs, and the angle of the top serifs on the lowercase letter forms. Old style typesets are influenced by carved Roman capitals for the uppercase letter forms and fifteenth- century humanistic writing styles for the lowercase.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Goudy is a serif typeface. It has thin tapered serifs. These serifs are considered bracketed. A bracketed serif is unified to the stroke with a tapered, curved line. The bracketed serif invokes a humanistic feel in the type. It looks like a stroke made by the hand of a writer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The typeset does not seem to follow a strict geometry. Because the upper and lowercase letter forms are derived from different sources they appear to have different geometries .While the uppercase letters look like circles and squares, the lowercase letters are more rectangular in nature but share the circular   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  The typeface has a highly contrasting, tapered stroke in the upper and lowercase letter forms. The finishing stroke in several of the letter forms ( a, i, j, r, t ) is a high contrasting, upward angled, diamond shaped stroke. The rounded forms also have a tapered finishing stroke that adds the continuity of the typeset.   To add to the humanistic quality of the type the designer omitted almost every hard angle in the uppercase letters giving areas where two strokes meet a soft corner of edge. In the lowercase letters, hard angles were omitted and softened wherever possible. The type also carries a left-angled stress.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Though this is a very well put together typeface there are several idiosyncrasies within the type.   The first is the length of the ascenders and descenders. Many typesets have ...

Globalization and Global Warming Essays

Globalization and Global Warming Essays Globalization and Global Warming Paper Globalization and Global Warming Paper Essay Topic: Global Warming This was a time of invention and creation; where man made machine and machine changed society. Not only did the machine change society, but it also changed the atmospheric gases more specifically, greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases consist of carbon dioxide known to cause the greatest amount of global warming methane gas, ozone, and nitrous oxide. These four greenhouse gases act as a blanket over the surface of the earth. As the sun hits the earths surface, the heat is reflected back towards the sun. The heat is then contained by the greenhouse gas blanket and warms the earth. Without this blanket, we would live in a very cold world. This atmospheric balance the earth provides is currently being tested by man. What happens when we expel our own greenhouse gases? The blanket thickens and it traps in more heat. This extra heat upon the earths surface is known as global warming. Therefore, global warming can be defined as the effect that increased greenhouse gases have on the earths atmosphere. The increase of greenhouse gases are the result of two economical factors: the burning of fossil fuels for energy, and deforestation for industrialization. The first factor contributes to the majority of the expelled greenhouse gases hat is: The Burning of Fossil Fuels As globalization spreads and increases industry, it also increases the deposit of polluting gases into the atmosphere. One such gas is carbon dioxide. The release of CO is more specifically caused from the burning of oil, coal, and gas. These three natural fuels, which are used in manufacturing and industrial growth, have constituted roughly 75% of human generated CO emissions expelled into the atmosphere during the past 20 years (EPIC WIG). : Here is a graph supporting the increases of CO: Indicators of the human influence on the atmosphere during the Industrial pica (EPIC Chart 1) As you can see, this graph stops in the year 2000. Assuming there was an energy increase in the past 6 years by rapidly developing nations such as China and India, along with developed nations consistent energy use, we can also assume the CO concentration has continued its vertical climb. Deforestation The destruction or clearing (as some companies might put it) of the worlds forests are due in most part to agricultural needs and industrialization. Why scientists agree that this practice is detrimental to the environment can be summed up in two ways: 1 . Reese act like sponges that suck in carbon dioxide and convert it to oxygen 2. When trees are burned, they release the stored carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere, adding to the pollution Hence, the more trees that are burned, the less carbon dioxide gets harbored. According to Greengrocer, Thirty percent of the carbon dioxide added to the atmosphere over the past 1 50 years is thought to come from deforestation, but this is a small amount compared to what is still stored in forests. The Canadian and Russian boreal forests alone hold 40 percent of the worlds carbon stocks (Greengrocer Science). In other areas of the world, carbon stocks are not being contained, but continually released through deforestation. Global Forest Watch, an independent appropriation that provides current information on forest development stated: In 2002, about 47% of the Brazilian Amazon was under some type of human pressure; recent estimates comparing this figure with new data from 2005 show that human pressure has increased by 7% (Global forest watch). Not only are we losing the possibility of finding rare tropical plants that could be converted into pharmaceuticals, but we are also destroying indigenous immunities that dot the Amazon rainforests. It is understandable that deforestation is need for civilization, but there are ways we can curb its destruction and preserve the rainforests. Contributors of Global Warming f your means of transportation today did not consist of walking or riding a bike, chances are, you contributed to the burning of fossil fuels. Americans would not be able to survive without the use of fossil fuels. We produce them in our cars, our homes, and even in our waste. The bottom line is: fossil fuels create energy, and we need energy. So, it is not surprising that Americans are expansible for 25% of the greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere, despite having only 5% of the worlds population. (Stir 47) This makes America the largest polluter in the world. It is evident that when a country becomes a world leader through Gross Domestic Product (GAP), the focus becomes business. The need for business profits by corporations capitalizing on industry have an impact on the environment. Unfortunately, many industries do not take into consideration the effects their business has on the environment. Below is a chart comparing three countries the United States, Former Soviet union, and Japan and their CO emissions: [pica] (EPIC Chart 2) In 2005 according to the CIA World Fastback, these same three countries had Gaps Of $12. 3 trillion, $4 trillion, and $1. 6 trillion respectively (GAP). While the U. S. Has nearly doubled its GAP, you can bet as a developed nation, it has also increased it CO emissions. But, developed countries like the United States and Japan cant be blamed for emitting all the CO into the atmosphere due to their industrialization. We must also look at developing countries such as China and Brazil who, while spring to increase their standard of living, are also increasing their energy use. As these nations develop and increase their industrialization, they intern release substantial amounts of CO into the atmosphere. With the ever-increasing CO emissions and deforestation, what does it mean for the stability of our environment? The Threats and Consequences of Global Warming? The aforementioned greenhouse gas emissions and the deforestation process have been contributing to the global warming crisis. The most recent supporting evidence was reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Control (EPIC) in 2001. Established in 1988 due to climate change curiosity, the EPIC is composed of over 2,000 scientists and is regarded as the foremost authority on climate change by the United Nations (Wisped EPIC). They concluded, through a 2600 page comprehensive analysis of scientific research, that global warming is in fact caused by CO emissions and deforestation. According to the EPIC, the two primary factors of global warming are temperature and sea level. Using the latest research and the current trends in global warming, the EPIC predictions through the end Of the 21st century are as follows OPAC SUM)I A rise of global temperatures from 2. 50 to 10. 40 F from 4 to 3 Rising of Global Temperature A rise of Sea levels The effects of this variable are quite profound. Scientists predict it could increase the frequency and magnitude of hurricanes; similar to what happened on the U. S. s Gulf Coast in the fall of 2005. They predict it could also do the same to El Onion; which is felt on the west coast especially in Southern California. Southern Californians fire season begins towards the end of summer, due to the dry climate. In the fall of 2002, San Diego felt the effects of an out-of- intro fire. What started as human error, continued for weeks, as brush and forest fires tore through San Diego Country. Its duration and strength was assisted by warm El Onion winds. Since El Onion thrives from available heat, you could say global warming is feeding El Onions hunger. In 1 998 National Geographic had this to say about II Onion: El Onions abnormal effects on the main components of climate?sunshine, temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind, humidity, precipitation, cloud formation and ocean currents?changed weather patterns across the equatorial Pacific and in turn around the globe In the past 98 years there have been 23 El NIFOC and 15 La Mafias. Of the centurys ten most powerful El Onions, four?the four strongest?have occurred since 1980. (Supple) Considering it is possible global warming energize the climate event El Infix, it can also melt glaciers. A widespread retreat of non-polar glaciers during the 20th century, and a 10% decrease in world snow cover since the 1 asss was captured by satellite imagery; the shrinking of snow cover and the retreat of glaciers are not expected to slow down during the 21st century (EPIC SUM). Researchers agree that melting glaciers coupled with melting ice sheets, like those covering Antarctica and Greenland, will become significant factors in causing the sea levels to rise. Rising Sea Levels Rising sea levels could devastate coastal tourism spots. This may become a very costly problem for coastal cities. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has estimated a one foot rise along the eastern seaboard by 2050. According to researchers, if this rise were to occur on the west coast, which is more likely than not, California would lose 2-4 feet of beach due to erosion. (EPIC Chart 3) The EPA also had this to say about rising sea levels: Rising sea level inundates wetlands and other low-lying lands, erodes beaches, intensifies flooding, and increases the salinity of rivers, bays, and groundwater tables. Some of these effects may be further compounded by other effects of changing climate. Measures that people take to protect private property from rising sea level may have adverse effects on the environment and on public uses of beaches and waterways. (ERA) Even though the damage to the U. S. s coastline would be expensive, planet earth has over 4 billion people outside the U. S. Hat live on a coastal plain. (Greengrocer Going) Rising sea levels could completely demolish low-lying coastal cities around the world: New York, Miami, Tokyo, San Diego, and London are a few such cities that could experience rising sea levels first-hand. Poor, undeveloped countries that lack technology, would be the ones to lose entire populations from a force that is beyond their control. What can we do to stop this rising tide? Recommendations to Slow Global Warming Adhere to the Kyoto Protocol Increase forestation Kyoto Protocol The Kyoto Protocol, which began in 1997, has developed an international ready to cut greenhouse gas emissions. The overall goal is for countries to lower these emissions to 1990 levels by 2008. For the policies to take effect, 55 countries that accounted for at least 55% of the greenhouse gas emissions in 1 990 must ratify the protocol. The founders of the Kyoto Protocol United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFROCK), require countries that have ratified the protocol to: Enhance energy efficiency methods on the countries largest polluters Tax economic sectors that are the countries largest polluters Research, develop, and implement new forms of energy Promote forestation UNFROCK) Only a few countries have said no to this protocol. Unfortunately, the United States is one of those countries. As a world leader, we should ratify the Kyoto Protocol and enforce its requirements on our industry. Our government could give tax cuts for companies utilizing new technology with a low-carbon output. This technology could be in the form of: hydro-electric, wind, or solar power. We could also enforce strict pollution policies to regulate and limit what can be released in to the environment. Other enforcements could be directed at absorbing the CO in the atmosphere through forestation. Increase Forestation Forests act as sponges to suck up, or decrease, the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Curtailing the lumber and logging industry in the U. S. Is a first step towards increasing forestation. This is especially true of the industries in and around the Amazon. Because rainforests are denser than ordinary forests, they absorb much more carbon dioxide. Plus, the rainforests trap in precipitation to prevent flooding, and preserve bio-diversity and indigenous cultures. Another, more realistic approach is to plant trees and re-grow the forests. One example of this approach is happening in China. Due to deforestation, the Chinese government requires those between the ages of 11 and 60 to plant up to 5 trees per year; they claim to have planted 1 billion trees in the past 20 years. (Wisped Deforestation) Conclusion Global warming affects everyone; it has no boundaries. It is not intended to directly harm other cultures and peoples, but it inadvertently does through continually disregard for the environment. This disregard happens when nations become industrialized: more specifically from burning fossil fuels and the deforestation process. But, we do have the power of choice.

Synthesis of pixelization and realistic drawing Research Proposal

Synthesis of pixelization and realistic drawing - Research Proposal Example â€Å"Hybrid† as a proposed method of artwork will makes use of cubism as the basic building block of the painting that would serve as small pixels that would make up the painting. Except that in the case of â€Å"hybrid† approach, the subjects will not necessarily be geometrical figures but rather realistic drawings. The realistic drawing that uses the cubist pixel as proposed by the â€Å"hybrid† method is feasible in rendering subjects in artwork due to the phenomena of Gestalt effect. Gestalt effect posits that the human brain can generate forms and recognize visual figures as a whole instead of its unrelated elements (which in this case are the cubist pixels). The colors are also limited to black, white and gray to convey simplicity and would allow the subject to speak to the audience instead of the colors. The three colors would serve as the three main tones in rendering artworks which are light, mid and heavy tones. Hybrid as proposed method of painting ca n still effectively render beautiful artwork due to Gestalt phenomena where the audience can generate visual recognition of the subject without minding the cubist pixels that makes up the artwork. It presupposes that the human brain will ignore the cubist pixels but will instead the realistic figure in the artwork instead. The proposed research will make use of descriptive exploratory research in proposing â€Å"hybrid† as a valid and legitimate approach in painting. Descriptive approach would help explain the proposed method of hybrid painting.